caa a22 4500 606212086 CHVBK 20210128101041.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10295-015-1605-x doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10295-015-1605-x Survival and susceptibility of Burkholderia cepacia complex in chlorhexidine gluconate and benzalkonium chloride [Elektronische Daten] [Jeong Kim, Youngbeom Ahn, John LiPuma, David Hussong, Carl Cerniglia] The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) includes opportunistic pathogenic bacteria that have occasionally been recovered from various pharmaceutical products, including antiseptics and disinfectants. Plausible reasons for the contamination include intrinsic sources, such as inadequate process controls, especially for water or equipment used during product manufacture, or extrinsic sources, such as improper handling and dilution or distribution in contaminated containers. Because the survival of BCC in antiseptics is a concern to the public health and pharmaceutical industry, we determined minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 36 BCC strains against the antiseptics, following exposure to chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) solutions (1-500µg/ml for each chemical). Susceptibility to CHX and BZK varied across the BCC strains and was recorded as mean 90.3 and 111.1µg/ml, respectively, at initial inoculation, which was significantly higher than the 46.4 and 61.1µg/ml levels measured for BCC incubated in water for 40days. After determining antiseptic MICs of individual BCC strains, BCC recovery was measured on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA), Reasoner's Second Agar (R2A) and diluted preparations of these media under their sub-MICs. The survival of BCC was monitored for 14days (336h) in sub-MICs diluted to less than their antiseptic susceptible concentration value. Diluted TSA and R2A media exhibited greater efficiency of recovery for most BCC strains from the CHX and BZK solutions than full strength TSA or R2A. For BCC survival in antiseptic solutions, the cell number of BCC decreased rapidly within the first 20min in both antiseptics, but after this, recovery remained constant in CHX and increased in BZK over the 14day incubation period. The results indicate that BCC in water can remain viable with low susceptibility to antiseptics for 14days, which suggests the necessity for improved detection methods and control measures to monitor BCC contamination in pharmaceutical products. Springer-Verlag (outside the USA), 2015 Burkholderia cepacia complex nationallicence Chlorhexidine gluconate nationallicence Benzalkonium chloride nationallicence Survival nationallicence Susceptibility nationallicence Kim Jeong Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Ahn Youngbeom Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut LiPuma John Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA aut Hussong David Office of Pharmaceutical Science, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA aut Cerniglia Carl Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 42/6(2015-06-01), 905-913 1367-5435 42:6<905 2015 42 10295 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-015-1605-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-015-1605-x text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kim Jeong Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ahn Youngbeom Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- LiPuma John Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hussong David Office of Pharmaceutical Science, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cerniglia Carl Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 42/6(2015-06-01), 905-913 1367-5435 42:6<905 2015 42 10295