caa a22 4500 606213031 CHVBK 20210128101045.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10295-015-1599-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10295-015-1599-4 Differential gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus exposed to Orange II and Sudan III azo dyes [Elektronische Daten] [Hongmiao Pan, Joshua Xu, Oh-Gew Kweon, Wen Zou, Jinhui Feng, Gui-Xin He, Carl Cerniglia, Huizhong Chen] We previously demonstrated the effects of azo dyes and their reduction metabolites on bacterial cell growth and cell viability. In this report, the effects of Orange II and Sudan III on gene expression profiling in Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA 1556 were analyzed using microarray and quantitative RT-PCR technology. Upon exposure to 6μg/ml Orange II for 18h, 21 genes were found to be differently expressed. Among them, 8 and 13 genes were up- and down-regulated, respectively. Most proteins encoded by these differentially expressed genes involve stress response caused by drug metabolism, oxidation, and alkaline shock indicating that S. aureus could adapt to Orange II exposure through a balance between up and down regulated gene expression. Whereas, after exposure to 6μg/ml Sudan III for 18h, 57 genes were differentially expressed. In which, 51 genes were up-regulated and 6 were down-regulated. Most proteins encoded by these differentially expressed genes involve in cell wall/membrane biogenesis and biosynthesis, nutrient uptake, transport and metabolite, and stress response, suggesting that Sudan III damages the bacterial cell wall or/and membrane due to binding of the dye. Further analysis indicated that all differentially expressed genes encoded membrane proteins were up-regulated and most of them serve as transporters. The result suggested that these genes might contribute to survival, persistence and growth in the presence of Sudan III. Only one gene msrA, which plays an important role in oxidative stress resistance, was found to be down-regulated after exposure to both Orange II and Sudan III. The present results suggested that both these two azo dyes can cause stress in S. aureus and the response of the bacterium to the stress is mainly related to characteristics of the azo dyes. Springer-Verlag (outside the USA), 2015 Staphylococcus aureus nationallicence Orange II nationallicence Sudan III nationallicence Microarray nationallicence Gene expression nationallicence Pan Hongmiao Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Xu Joshua Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 72079, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Kweon Oh-Gew Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Zou Wen Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 72079, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Feng Jinhui Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut He Gui-Xin Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 01854, Lowell, MA, USA aut Cerniglia Carl Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Chen Huizhong Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 42/5(2015-05-01), 745-757 1367-5435 42:5<745 2015 42 10295 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-015-1599-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-015-1599-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Pan Hongmiao Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Xu Joshua Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 72079, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Kweon Oh-Gew Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zou Wen Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 72079, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Feng Jinhui Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- He Gui-Xin Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 01854, Lowell, MA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cerniglia Carl Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Chen Huizhong Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., 72079-9502, Jefferson, AR, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology Springer Berlin Heidelberg 42/5(2015-05-01), 745-757 1367-5435 42:5<745 2015 42 10295