caa a22 4500 606217584 CHVBK 20210128101108.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11104-015-2467-8 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11104-015-2467-8 X-ray fluorescence microscopy of zinc localization in wheat grains biofortified through foliar zinc applications at different growth stages under field conditions [Elektronische Daten] [Babasola Ajiboye, Ismail Cakmak, David Paterson, Martin de Jonge, Daryl Howard, Samuel Stacey, Ayfer Torun, Nevzat Aydin, Michael McLaughlin] Aim: Biofortification of wheat with zinc (Zn) through foliar Zn application has been proposed as an agronomic strategy to increase grain Zn concentration, which could serve as a nutritional intervention in regions with dietary Zn deficiency. Methods: Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was biofortified through foliar Zn applications at different growth stages. The concentration of Zn and associated micronutrient in harvested whole grains was determined by ICP-OES. Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) was then used to investigate the localization of Zn and associated micronutrients in cross sections of these grains. Results: The concentration of Zn and other micronutrients (Mn, Fe, and Cu) was higher in grains treated with foliar Zn during grain-filling (early milk/dough) than those treated at stem elongation. The increase in Zn concentration of wheat grain with foliar application during grain-filling can be attributed to the intense localization of Zn in the aleurone layer, modified aleurone, crease tissue, vascular bundle, and endosperm cavity, and to a modest localization in endosperm, which is the most dominant grain tissue. These tissues and the Zn they contain are presumed to remain after milling and can potentially increase the Zn concentration in wheat flour. Conclusions: By using XFM, it was shown that foliar Zn spray represents an important agronomic tool for a substantial Zn enrichment of different fractions of wheat grain, especially the endosperm. Further investigation of the chemical speciation of Zn in the endosperm is recommended to assess Zn bioavailability in harvested whole grain of wheat that has been biofortified through different timing of foliar Zn application. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2015 Biofortification nationallicence Foliar application nationallicence Wheat grain nationallicence Zn localization nationallicence Zn fertilizer nationallicence X-ray fluorescence microscopy nationallicence Aleurone layer nationallicence Endosperm nationallicence Endosperm cavity nationallicence XFM : X-ray fluorescence microscopy nationallicence ICP-OES : Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy nationallicence LA-ICP-MS : Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy nationallicence SIMS : Secondary ion mass spectroscopy nationallicence PIXE : Photon induced X-ray emission nationallicence XANES : X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy nationallicence Ajiboye Babasola Fertilizer Technology Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, 5005, Adelaide, SA, Australia aut Cakmak Ismail Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey aut Paterson David Australian Synchrotron, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut de Jonge Martin Australian Synchrotron, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut Howard Daryl Australian Synchrotron, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut Stacey Samuel Fertilizer Technology Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, 5005, Adelaide, SA, Australia aut Torun Ayfer Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey aut Aydin Nevzat Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70100, Karaman, Turkey aut McLaughlin Michael Fertilizer Technology Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, 5005, Adelaide, SA, Australia aut Plant and Soil Springer International Publishing 392/1-2(2015-07-01), 357-370 0032-079X 392:1-2<357 2015 392 11104 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2467-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-015-2467-8 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ajiboye Babasola Fertilizer Technology Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, 5005, Adelaide, SA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Cakmak Ismail Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Paterson David Australian Synchrotron, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- de Jonge Martin Australian Synchrotron, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Howard Daryl Australian Synchrotron, 3168, Clayton, VIC, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stacey Samuel Fertilizer Technology Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, 5005, Adelaide, SA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Torun Ayfer Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Aydin Nevzat Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70100, Karaman, Turkey aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- McLaughlin Michael Fertilizer Technology Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, 5005, Adelaide, SA, Australia aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant and Soil Springer International Publishing 392/1-2(2015-07-01), 357-370 0032-079X 392:1-2<357 2015 392 11104