caa a22 4500 606218130 CHVBK 20210128101111.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150301xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s11104-014-2312-5 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s11104-014-2312-5 The vicious cycle of lettuce corky root disease: effects of farming system, nitrogen fertilizer and herbicide [Elektronische Daten] [Ariena van Bruggen, Isolde Francis, Randy Krag] Aims: This study was aimed at testing the hypothesis that lettuce corky root (CR) disease caused by Rhizorhapis suberifaciens was less severe in organic than conventional farms, due to the absence of herbicide and fertilizer, and greater soil microbial activity in organic farms. Methods: CR severity and soil quality were assessed in pairs of conventional and organic farms in California. To determine factors contributing to CR, effects of N fertilizer and pronamide herbicide were assessed on CR severity and plant weight in separate field experiments. Results: CR was significantly more severe in conventional than organic farms, and there was a negative exponential relationship between CR severity and microbial activity. Split applications of soluble N fertilizer enhanced susceptibility to CR compared to pre-plant application of slow release N fertilizer. Pronamide increased disease severity on seedlings compared to untreated controls and reduced the dry weights of seedlings and mature heads. Conclusions: Conventional practices, like fertilizer and herbicide use, increase plant susceptibility to and reduce microbial competition or antibiosis against R. suberifaciens in conventional lettuce production farms, potentially leading to enhanced environmental pollution due to a decrease in nutrient use efficiency and an increased need for fertilizer and water for diseased plants. Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2014 Soil health nationallicence Nitrogen fertilizer nationallicence Pronamide herbicide nationallicence Microbial activity nationallicence Organic and conventional agriculture nationallicence Rhizorhapis suberifaciens nationallicence van Bruggen Ariena Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA aut Francis Isolde Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA aut Krag Randy Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA aut Plant and Soil Springer International Publishing 388/1-2(2015-03-01), 119-132 0032-079X 388:1-2<119 2015 388 11104 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2312-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2312-5 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- van Bruggen Ariena Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Francis Isolde Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Krag Randy Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, 95616, Davis, CA, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Plant and Soil Springer International Publishing 388/1-2(2015-03-01), 119-132 0032-079X 388:1-2<119 2015 388 11104