caa a22 4500 606221905 CHVBK 20210128101131.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150901xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00038-015-0697-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00038-015-0697-4 Takakura Minoru School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan aut Relations of participation in organized activities to smoking and drinking among Japanese youth: contextual effects of structural social capital in high school [Elektronische Daten] [Minoru Takakura] Objectives: This cross-sectional study examined the effect of school-level structural social capital on smoking and drinking among Japanese youth. Methods: Self-administered anonymous questionnaires were distributed to 3248 students at 29 high schools across Okinawa, Japan in 2008. Structural social capital was measured by students' participation in organized activities: student council, extracurricular activities, volunteer activities, community sports clubs, and youth associations. Contextual-level social capital was measured by aggregated school-level individual responses. Results: At the individual level, extracurricular activity participation was negatively associated with smoking and drinking, whereas participation in youth associations was positively associated with smoking and drinking. School-level extracurricular activity participation was negatively associated with smoking among boys, whereas school-level participation in youth associations was positively associated with smoking among boys and girls and drinking among boys. Conclusions: This study suggests that structural social capital measured by participation in organized activities, especially extracurricular activities, might be an important way for youths to attain good health. This study also supports the idea that particular type of activities, such as youth associations, can lead to the so-called "dark side of social capital”. Swiss School of Public Health, 2015 Social capital nationallicence Social participation nationallicence Multilevel modelling nationallicence High school nationallicence Japan nationallicence International Journal of Public Health Springer Basel 60/6(2015-09-01), 679-689 1661-8556 60:6<679 2015 60 38 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0697-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-015-0697-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 100 1- Takakura Minoru School of Health Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- International Journal of Public Health Springer Basel 60/6(2015-09-01), 679-689 1661-8556 60:6<679 2015 60 38