caa a22 4500 606226621 CHVBK 20210128101154.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150101xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10641-014-0234-y doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10641-014-0234-y Copy number variation in the melanocortin 4 receptor gene and alternative reproductive tactics the swordtail Xiphophorus multilineatus [Elektronische Daten] [C. Smith, R. Harris, K. Lampert, M. Schartl, H. Hofmann, M. Ryan] Alternative reproductive tactics are powerful examples of how variation in genetics and physiology among individuals can lead to striking diversity in phenotype. In the swordtails (genus Xiphophorus), copy number variation (CNV) at the melanocortin 4 receptor (mc4r) locus is correlated with male body size, which in turn is correlated with male mating behavior. We measured the relationship between mc4r CNV, behavior, and 11-ketotesterone (11-KT) in X. multilineatus to determine whether mc4r CNV was associated with other components of male tactics in addition to body size. We confirmed the results of previous studies, showing that male size increases with mc4r CNV and that mating behavior toward females was size-dependent. We also examined agonistic behavior by exposing males to their mirror image and found that male-male displays behavior were size-dependent. Small males were less likely to exhibit an agonistic response, suggesting that alternative reproductive tactics span intrasexual and intersexual contexts. There was no significant association between mc4r CNV and behavior or 11-KT hormone titer. Mc4r CNV is thus associated with the variation in male body size, but not with other traits independent of body size. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2014 11-ketotestosterone nationallicence Alternative reproductive tactics nationallicence Copy number variation nationallicence Melanocortin 4 receptor nationallicence P-gene nationallicence Xiphophorus nationallicence Smith C. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut Harris R. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut Lampert K. Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany aut Schartl M. Physiological Chemistry, Biocentre, University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany aut Hofmann H. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut Ryan M. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut Environmental Biology of Fishes Springer Netherlands 98/1(2015-01-01), 23-33 0378-1909 98:1<23 2015 98 10641 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-014-0234-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-014-0234-y text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Smith C. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Harris R. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Lampert K. Department of Animal Ecology, Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Bochum, 44780, Bochum, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Schartl M. Physiological Chemistry, Biocentre, University of Würzburg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hofmann H. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Ryan M. Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 78712, Austin, TX, USA aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Environmental Biology of Fishes Springer Netherlands 98/1(2015-01-01), 23-33 0378-1909 98:1<23 2015 98 10641