caa a22 4500 606230017 CHVBK 20210128101212.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150601xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10695-015-0034-0 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10695-015-0034-0 Effect of dietary glutamine on growth performance, non-specific immunity, expression of cytokine genes, phosphorylation of target of rapamycin (TOR), and anti-oxidative system in spleen and head kidney of Jian carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) [Elektronische Daten] [Kai Hu, Jing-Xiu Zhang, Lin Feng, Wei-Dan Jiang, Pei Wu, Yang Liu, Jun Jiang, Xiao-Qiu Zhou] This study was designed to investigate the effects of dietary glutamine on the growth performance, cytokines, target of rapamycin (TOR), and antioxidant-related parameters in the spleen and head kidney of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Fish were fed the basal (control) and glutamine-supplemented (12.0gglutaminekg−1 diet) diets for 6weeks. Results indicated that the dietary glutamine supplementation improved the growth performance, spleen protein content, serum complement 3 content, and lysozyme activity in fish. In the spleen, glutamine down-regulated the expression of the interleukin 1 and interleukin 10 genes, and increased the level of phosphorylation of TOR protein. In the head kidney, glutamine down-regulated the tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 10 gene expressions, phosphorylated and total TOR protein levels, while up-regulated the transforming growth factor β2 gene expression. Furthermore, the protein carbonyl content was decreased in the spleen of fish fed glutamine-supplemented diet; conversely, the anti-hydroxyl radical capacity and glutathione content in the spleen were increased by glutamine. However, diet supplemented with glutamine did not affect the lipid peroxidation, anti-superoxide anion capacity, and antioxidant enzyme activities in the spleen. Moreover, all of these antioxidant parameters in the head kidney were not affected by glutamine. Results from the present experiment showed the importance of dietary supplementation of glutamine in benefaction of the growth performance and several components of the innate immune system, and the deferential role in cytokine gene expression, TOR kinase activity, and antioxidant status between the spleen and head kidney of juvenile Jian carp. Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht, 2015 Glutamine nationallicence Cyprinus carpio var. Jian nationallicence Cytokine nationallicence Target of rapamycin nationallicence Antioxidant status nationallicence Immune organ nationallicence Hu Kai Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut Zhang Jing-Xiu Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut Feng Lin Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut Jiang Wei-Dan Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut Wu Pei Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut Liu Yang Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut Jiang Jun Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China aut Zhou Xiao-Qiu Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut Fish Physiology and Biochemistry Springer Netherlands 41/3(2015-06-01), 635-649 0920-1742 41:3<635 2015 41 10695 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-015-0034-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-015-0034-0 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hu Kai Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhang Jing-Xiu Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Feng Lin Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jiang Wei-Dan Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Wu Pei Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Liu Yang Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Jiang Jun Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Zhou Xiao-Qiu Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Fish Physiology and Biochemistry Springer Netherlands 41/3(2015-06-01), 635-649 0920-1742 41:3<635 2015 41 10695