caa a22 4500 606232435 CHVBK 20210128101226.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150701xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s10508-014-0454-4 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s10508-014-0454-4 Facial Structure Predicts Sexual Orientation in Both Men and Women [Elektronische Daten] [Malvina Skorska, Shawn Geniole, Brandon Vrysen, Cheryl McCormick, Anthony Bogaert] Biological models have typically framed sexual orientation in terms of effects of variation in fetal androgen signaling on sexual differentiation, although other biological models exist. Despite marked sex differences in facial structure, the relationship between sexual orientation and facial structure is understudied. A total of 52 lesbian women, 134 heterosexual women, 77 gay men, and 127 heterosexual men were recruited at a Canadian campus and various Canadian Pride and sexuality events. We found that facial structure differed depending on sexual orientation; substantial variation in sexual orientation was predicted using facial metrics computed by a facial modelling program from photographs of White faces. At the univariate level, lesbian and heterosexual women differed in 17 facial features (out of 63) and four were unique multivariate predictors in logistic regression. Gay and heterosexual men differed in 11 facial features at the univariate level, of which three were unique multivariate predictors. Some, but not all, of the facial metrics differed between the sexes. Lesbian women had noses that were more turned up (also more turned up in heterosexual men), mouths that were more puckered, smaller foreheads, and marginally more masculine face shapes (also in heterosexual men) than heterosexual women. Gay men had more convex cheeks, shorter noses (also in heterosexual women), and foreheads that were more tilted back relative to heterosexual men. Principal components analysis and discriminant functions analysis generally corroborated these results. The mechanisms underlying variation in craniofacial structure—both related and unrelated to sexual differentiation—may thus be important in understanding the development of sexual orientation. Springer Science+Business Media New York, 2014 Sexual orientation nationallicence Sexuality nationallicence Faces nationallicence Facial structure nationallicence Sexual differentiation nationallicence Skorska Malvina Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut Geniole Shawn Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut Vrysen Brandon Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut McCormick Cheryl Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut Bogaert Anthony Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut Archives of Sexual Behavior Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 44/5(2015-07-01), 1377-1394 0004-0002 44:5<1377 2015 44 10508 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0454-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-014-0454-4 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Skorska Malvina Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Geniole Shawn Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Vrysen Brandon Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- McCormick Cheryl Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Bogaert Anthony Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Archives of Sexual Behavior Springer US; http://www.springer-ny.com 44/5(2015-07-01), 1377-1394 0004-0002 44:5<1377 2015 44 10508