caa a22 4500 60624137X CHVBK 20210128101312.0 cr unu---uuuuu 210128e20150501xx s 000 0 eng 10.1007/s00508-015-0755-1 doi (NATIONALLICENCE)springer-10.1007/s00508-015-0755-1 Increased gut microbiota diversity and abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Akkermansia after fasting: a pilot study [Elektronische Daten] [Marlene Remely, Berit Hippe, Isabella Geretschlaeger, Sonja Stegmayer, Ingrid Hoefinger, Alexander Haslberger] Summary: Background: An impaired gut microbiota has been reported as an important factor in the pathogenesis of obesity. Weight reduction has already been mentioned to improve gut microbial subpopulations involved in inflammatory processes, though other subpopulations still need further investigation. Thus, weight reduction in the context of a fasting program together with a probiotic intervention may improve the abundance and diversity of gut microbiota. Methods: In this pilot study, overweight people underwent a fasting program with laxative treatment for 1 week followed by a 6 week intervention with a probiotic formula. Gut microbiota were analyzed on the basis of 16s rDNA with a quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, a food frequency questionnaire with questions about nutritional behavior, lifestyle, and physical activity was administered before and after the intervention. Results: We observed an increase in microbial diversity over the study period. No significant changes in abundance of total bacteria, or of Bacteroidetes, Prevotella, Clostridium cluster XIVa, or Clostridium cluster IV were found, although Faecalibacterium prausnitzii showed an increase over the study period. In addition, Akkermanisa and Bifidobacteria increased in abundance due to intervention. The inflammation-associated gut microbes Enterobacteria and Lactobacilli increased during the first week and then declined by the end of the intervention. Two-thirds of the study participants harbored Archaea. No significant improvements of eating habits were reported, although physical activity improved due to the intervention. Conclusions: Our results show that caloric restriction affects gut microbiota by proliferating mucin-degrading microbial subpopulations. An additional intervention with a probiotic formula increased probiotic-administered gut microbial populations. The Author(s), 2015 Akkermansia nationallicence Fasting nationallicence Laxative nationallicence Probiotic nationallicence Microbial diversity nationallicence BMI : Body mass index nationallicence FFQ : Food frequency questionnaire nationallicence IBS : Irritable bowel syndrome nationallicence SCFAs : Short-chain fatty acids nationallicence SD : Standard deviation nationallicence T : Time point nationallicence Remely Marlene Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut Hippe Berit Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut Geretschlaeger Isabella Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut Stegmayer Sonja Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut Hoefinger Ingrid Essen & Fasten by Ingrid Hoefinger, Purkersdorf, Austria aut Haslberger Alexander Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut Wiener klinische Wochenschrift Springer Vienna 127/9-10(2015-05-01), 394-398 0043-5325 127:9-10<394 2015 127 508 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-015-0755-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI BK010053 XK010053 XK010000 Metadata rights reserved Springer special CC-BY-NC licence nationallicence 1 research-article jats NATIONALLICENCE NATIONALLICENCE NL-springer NATIONALLICENCE 856 40 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00508-015-0755-1 text/html Onlinezugriff via DOI NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Remely Marlene Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hippe Berit Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Geretschlaeger Isabella Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Stegmayer Sonja Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Hoefinger Ingrid Essen & Fasten by Ingrid Hoefinger, Purkersdorf, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 700 1- Haslberger Alexander Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University Vienna, Althahnstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria aut NATIONALLICENCE 773 0- Wiener klinische Wochenschrift Springer Vienna 127/9-10(2015-05-01), 394-398 0043-5325 127:9-10<394 2015 127 508